A group of inherited conditions that affect connective tissue, the material that gives structure and support to skin, joints, and blood vessels.
Last updated: July 1, 2026
Ehlers-Danlos syndromes (EDS) are a group of inherited conditions that affect connective tissue, the material that gives strength and support to the skin, joints, blood vessels, and many other parts of the body. Connective tissue is a bit like the glue and scaffolding that holds the body together. In EDS, it is more fragile or stretchy than usual.
There are several types. The most common is hypermobile EDS, which mainly causes very flexible joints and joint pain. Other types are rarer. One type, vascular EDS, affects blood vessels and needs specialist care, so an accurate diagnosis is important.
Joints that move further than usual (very flexible or "double-jointed")
Soft, stretchy skin
Easy bruising
Joint pain and frequent sprains or dislocations
Wounds that heal slowly or leave thin scars
EDS is usually diagnosed by a doctor who examines the joints, skin, and medical and family history. A simple scoring method (the Beighton score) helps measure joint flexibility. For most types other than hypermobile EDS, a genetic test can confirm the diagnosis. Genetic testing is especially important if vascular EDS is suspected.
Many people with EDS manage well by protecting their joints, staying gently active, and pacing their activities. Physiotherapy to strengthen the muscles around joints is often the most helpful step. Managing pain and fatigue, and caring for the skin, are also part of everyday life with EDS.
For children with EDS, gentle movement, joint protection, and understanding at school make a big difference. Encourage low-impact activities they enjoy, be careful with cuts and grazes, and share information with teachers so your child gets the support they need.
Rheumatologist
A joint and connective tissue specialist who guides diagnosis and care
Physiotherapist
Designs safe exercises to strengthen and stabilise joints
Clinical geneticist
Confirms the EDS type and advises the family
Practical Care & Support guidance for this condition covers 4 care areas, from daily routines to questions for your care team.
What are the Ehlers-Danlos syndromes?
The Ehlers-Danlos Society · The Ehlers-Danlos Society · 2023
View sourceEducational tools to understand the gene, how the condition is inherited, and where evidence has been documented. These do not diagnose or predict anyone's health.
